The Letter Sent By Dean John Ellison - 1495 Words

MORINE KIMANI. WRIT-B190. It is overwhelming that the original connotation behind safe spaces has gradually stemmed into different trajectories. In this vein, the sentiments and reactions that hovered the web in awe of the acceptance letter sent by Dean John Ellison, from the University of Chicago, to the incoming class of 2020 took coals to Newcastle. In the letter, the dean apprised the lot that, â€Å"Our commitment to academic freedom means that we do not support so-called â€Å"trigger warnings,† we do not cancel invited speakers because their topics might prove controversial, and we do not condone the creation of intellectual â€Å"safe spaces† where individuals can retreat from ideas and perspectives at odds with their own.† Some people,†¦show more content†¦Also, they were to provide therapeutic services to those who happened to be victims of PTSD, trauma, assault, and any form of violence. In most cases, they concentrate on issues like sexism, racism, ableism, islamophob ia, and trans-antagonism. See, all for a good course! However, the same society that had once put itself in their own shoes and had made an informed decision of having them and warning labels in our institutions too-where contents, films, or materials with graphic elaborations of such experiences-is the same (with a fair share of its population) feeling the need to disintegrate from the idea of having the so called â€Å"safe spaces† and â€Å"trigger-warnings† in higher education institutions. Foremost, many activists in favor of safe spaces now want the entire campus turned into a safe space. Well, there are many designated places for minorities like Hillel house for the Jewish student community in most campuses. Even in our very own, Bryn Mawr College, we have the Perry house and Enid Cook center for the black students. Also, they are other smaller meeting places for other groups. Such spaces are okay since they don t interfere with others who do not conform to them. However, you cannot ban other beneficiaries of these institutions from certain behaviors simply because you hold a belief that they are not right. For example, in one of the courses, a student was concerned about the use of the words you guys Show MoreRelatedThe Harlem Renaissance And Its Impact On Ralph Ellison s Book The Invisible Man Essay2165 Words   |  9 Pagesbook The Invisible Man. This paper will illustrate how the Harlem Renaissance assisted the African-American intellectual community to gain acceptance in mainstream America and prompted the writing of the book The Invisible Man, written by Ralph Ellison. Throughout this paper, I will examine the social context and climate of Ellison’s work. This paper will focus on the experience of a young African American man who claims to be invisible. 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Adoption the Alternative to Abortion - 1489 Words

Adoption: The Alternative to Abortion The word â€Å"positive† is both feared and revered by women around the globe. A simple plus sign on a pregnancy test can be cause for elation or terror. Nearly half of pregnancies among American women are unintended, and four in 10 of these are terminated by abortion (Finer and Henshaw 2001). Abortion, legalized in 1973 by the Supreme Court decision in Roe v. Wade, is defined by the Merriam-Websters Dictionary of Law as the termination of a pregnancy after, accompanied by, or closely followed by the death of the embryo or fetus. Abortion is an inhumane, immoral way of avoiding parenthood. It is easy to understand how a woman with an unintended pregnancy may feel cornered, but an abortion should be on the†¦show more content†¦Of course, pregnancy has its own health risks, though it provides a more naturally safe means of getting rid of an unwanted child. There is a saying that goes like this: â€Å"One man’s trash, is anot her man’s treasure.† Unfortunately, this quote is just as applicable to possessions as it is to children. Millions of couples throughout the world are unable to bear their own children for various reasons. Virtually there is no child who could remain unwanted with all of these willing, wanting couples. Adoption is an answer to the prayers of these individuals, as well as, the pregnant woman and her child. It provides an out for the mother, a home for the baby, and a child for the adoptive parents. The benefits that stem from this sort of arrangement are endless. If the mother wished, and it was agreed upon by the family, an open adoption could be arranged. This would allow the birth mother to receive photos and updates on the child if she so wished. Though traditional closed adoptions are more common. 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Vocation Accounting and Corporate

Question: Discuss about the Vocation Accounting and Corporate. Answer: Introduction The main purpose of this paper is to apply the concepts of accounting and corporate governance practices in a real life situation. The company that will be analyzed for the application of these concepts include Vocation Ltd, which is an education and training providers in Australia. In the year 2015, the company was failure and this paper critically analyzes Vocation Ltd's failure. The paper also outlines how could an effective implementation of the third edition of 'ASX Corporate Governance Principles' have positively prevented the failure. Background: Analysis of Vocation's Failure It is examined that the difficulty of Vocation started in the year 2014 when its Aspin and Bawm colleges were found for having only essential or minimum features of their federal registrations. In addition, in relation to the quality of the training courses provided by the colleges, Victorian government funding also received complaints (Rose, 2015). Moreover, as Vocation Ltd. is listed on Australian Securities Exchange, it is also subject to three different kinds of actions as a consequence of the decrease in its share price from $3.35to 12 (Danckert and Preiss, 2015). It is also evaluated that the shareholders also report that the company did not disclose its regulatory issues in an adequate manner. In addition, the administrators appointed for the preliminary review of the company's failure, suggested some other causes behind the company's failure. They found poor operational functions and processes is one of the major reasons as due to the ineffectiveness of the operations, some of the government clients review the adequacy of courses that are delivered by the institute (Ferrier Hodgson, 2015). Furthermore, as a result of these reviews (ending operations of BAWM and Aspin) , the company needs to repaid significant funding provided by these government authorities (Danckert and Preiss, 2015). At the same time, it is also found that as a consequence of the negative publicity surrounding the critical reviews, the company also lost various important institutional customers resulting in the company failure (Ferrier Hodgson, 2015). It shows the company was unable to ensure the availability of effective internal control system that lead to inadequate operational procedures, government reviews, and negative publicity of the institute. Moreover, it is also assessed that the company was also facing some issues related to the continuous disclosure of the Group's obligations that result into the starting of different class action lawsuits as well as the failure of the company (Ferrier Hodgson, 2015). All these also cause to the Group's inability to continue to bring up equity enough to maintain liquidity. In addition, it also affects the financial performance of the company as it creates the need to sell parts of the business to reduce external liabilities or debt. Concurrently, in regard to the above issues, it is assessed that the application of positive accounting theory is also supportive to shape the firms' internal accounting practice. At the same time, in relation to the success of this theory in current highly changing business environment, the normative theory positively supported the previous accounting theory (Griff, 2014). It is found that companies should employ normative theory to show compliance with the accounting standards and practice. Actions and their Analysis Based on the above analysis, it is examined that Vocation Ltd. did not develop an efficient corporate governance practice that result into the failure of the company (Rankin, et. al, 2012). It is because corporate governance provides a system which is beneficial to direct and manage the companies successfully (Nuryanah and Islam, 2015). It impacts on different processes of the company through which the main business goals and objectives are determined and attained, risk is supervised and evaluated, and performance is optimized. Concurrently, it is also evaluated that a good corporate governance structure promotes businesses to generate value through innovation, development, etc. and provide accountability and control systems equals with the involved risks (ASX Corporate Governance Council, 2003). Thus, it shows that by making a good corporate governance structure for the company such failures can be reduced. Accounting theories also support the establishment of good governance system to secure investors' interest and make sure about the firm's long-term business survival (Deegan, 2014). It is because these theories provide policies that discipline managers to attain the benefits of implementing good corporate governance practices (Nuryanah and Islam, 2015). Additionally, these theories also indicate the interrelationships among risk management, accounting practices and corporate governance. One of the reasons, which indicate that why the use of an effective corporate governance system can be beneficial to prevent the company failure is that it is helpful to assert and encourage the confidence and trust level of investors both in national and international markets (Plessis, McConvill, and Bagaric, 2005). In addition, such systems also ensure that the company effectively meets with its disclosure obligations, which are also essential to make sure about the company's long-term business survival (Rankin, et. al, 2012). ASX Corporate Governance council is in the charge to conduct a regular review of the principles to make sure that they are relevant as per the changes in local and overseas markets and also reflects international best practices (ASX Corporate Governance Council, 2003). There are ten principles given by ASX corporate governance, which are effective to underlie a good corporate governance for the company that might be beneficial to prevent the company's failure (Plessis, et al, 2012). For example, one of the principles is ' to promote ethical and responsible decision making in an active manner'. In order to effectively apply this principle, the company can establish a code of conduct to direct the behavior of key executives including the directors, and the chief executive and financial officers (Plessis, McConvill, and Bagaric, 2005). It would be beneficial to present the company's commitment to ethical practices resulting in enhancing the investors' confidence and preventing the failure of the organization. At the same time, with the application of this principle, the company should also disclose the policy related to trading in the company securities by the employees, officers and directors (Rankin, et. al, 2012). In last, the firm should also prov ide information about the reporting on this principle. In addition, there are also other principles including acknowledge and publish the board and management's respective roles and responsibilities, structure a board to discharge the responsibilities, safeguard integrity in financial reporting, encourage timely and balanced disclosure, respect the stockholders' right, identification and management of risk, promotion of increased performance, provide fair and responsible remuneration, and identification of the legitimate interests of stakeholders (ASX Corporate Governance Council, 2003). The application of all these principles in an adequate manner would be beneficial to make sure about the long-term success of the company. For instance, to apply the fourth principle, the company's CEO and CFOs should state in writing to the board of directors that all the financial reports of the company demonstrate a true and fair view in relation to all material concerns (Tarantino, 2012). At the same time, they should also clearly state that the firm's operational results and financial condition are as per the applicable accounting standards and norms. It might be helpful to prevent the company's failure as all the financial statements present a true monetary picture and there are lack of chances for fraud by the management or some other people (Plessis, McConvill, and Bagaric, 2005). The agency theory proposes that a company's management is attempted on behalf of that organization's owners or shareholders. In simple word, the shareholder theory states that the role of the management of the company is to act as the shareholder's (principles) agents (Crowther and Jatana). As per this theory, potential conflicts like disagreeing for the goal between managers and shareholders can create agency problem and consequently failure of the company. Rouco (2015) argued that the implementation of theories of leadership can be beneficial to ensure the application of sustainable moral actions and ethical conduct, which successively could reduce corporate failure. This theory also stresses on the importance of corporate governance for overcoming agency problems and prevent business failures (Rouco, 2015). In addition, the ASX principle, which states that the company should structure an audit committee that consists of only non-executive directors, most of independent directors, an independent chairperson, and minimum three member may also be supportive to prevent the company's failure (ASX Corporate Governance Council, 2003). It is because such audit committee makes sure about the all material disclosure and presence of a good corporate governance system. In contrast, as from the case of Vocation Ltd, it is assessed that the company failure was mainly due to the non-disclosure of all material information, the application of 5th principle as timely and balanced disclosure can also be significant to prevent such corporate failure (Rankin et. al, 2012). For the reason, with the application of this principle the company ensures that all the investors have timely and equal access to material information about the business including current performance, liquidity and financial position, governance and the ownership (Plessis, et al, 2012). At the same time, it is also evaluated from the best practice recommendations that companies should design written processes and policies to make sure about the compliance with this principle by ensuring accountability with senior management level. It would be helpful to disclose all the necessary information to the investors and other third party providers resulting in overcoming the issue of corporate fa ilure (Henderson, Peirson, Herbohn, and Howieson, 2015). Thus, it can be stated that building of a good corporate governance structure can be beneficial to overcome the issues related to big corporations failure. It is because it requires management to act in order to benefit the shareholders as well as to comply with the external system and regulations. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act also justifies that building of a sound corporate governance system can be helpful to prevent big corporate scandals and failures such as Enron, and World Com (Wolk, Dodd and Rozycki, 2016). This act came into force after large business scandals due to the increased public pressure. This act is passed as "the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002" which emphasizes on independence, auditing, quality control, ethics and other standards to protect investors as well as prevent big business scandals (Deegan, 2014). Conclusion In order to summarize the above discussion, it can be concluded that Vocation ltd. was mainly fail in the year 2015 due to non-disclosure of all material information, lack of compliance with all rules and regulations as well as the implementation of poor operational functions. It can also be summarized that by effectively applying ASX corporate governance principles, the company can likely prevent the failure. It is because all these principles emphasize to design an audit committee that includes the independent directors, timely disclosure requirements, adequate financial reporting, fair compensation, risk identification and management, etc., which are beneficial to prevent the failure of the company (Plessis, et al, 2012). Concurrently, it can also be summarized that different accounting theories such as stakeholder theory, regulations, etc. also define the importance of building an effective governance system in order to ensure adequate compliance and conduct business in an ethica l manner. References ASX Corporate Governance Council (2003). Retrieved from https://www.ecgi.org/codes/documents/asx_recommendations.pdf Crowther, D., and Jatana, R. (n.d). Agency Theory: A Cause of Failure in Corporate Governance. Retrieved from https://www.guberna.be/sites/default/files/newsflash/nl_Readers/Agency%20Theory%20-%20A%20Cause%20of%20Failure%20in%20Corporate%20Governance.pdf Danckert, S. and Preiss, B. (2015). Up to 12,000 students in limbo after Vocation collapse. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved from https://www.smh.com.au/business/banking-and-finance/up-to-12000-students-in-limbo-after-vocation-collapse-20151126-gl8xfw.html Deegan, C. (2014). Financial Accounting Theory. Australia: McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Ferrier Hodgson (2015). Vocation Limited and its associated entities: (Administrators Appointed). Retrieved from https://www.ferrierhodgson.com/au/-/media/ferrier/files/documents/corp-recovery-matters/vocation-limited/section-439a-report-to-creditors/vocation-limited-s439a-report-to-creditors.pdf Griff, M. (2014). Professional Accounting Essays and Assignments. Lulu Press, Inc. Henderson, S., Peirson, G., Herbohn, K., and Howieson, B. (2015). Issues in Financial Accounting. Australia: Pearson Higher Education AU. Nuryanah, S. and Islam, S. (2015). Corporate Governance and Financial Management: Computational Optimisation Modelling and Accounting Perspectives. Germany: Springer. Plessis, J. D., Grofeld, B., Luttermann, C., Saenger, I., Sandrock, O., and Casper, M. (2012). German Corporate Governance in International and European Context. Germany: Springer Science Business Media. Plessis, J. D., McConvill, J. and Bagaric, M. (2005). Principles of Contemporary Corporate Governance. UK: Cambridge University Press. Rankin, M., Stanton, P., McGowan, S., Ferlauto, K. and Tilling. M. (2012). Contemporary Issues in Accounting. USA: Wiley. Rose, S. (2015). Vocation collapses, 150 people lose jobs, 10,000 students in limbo. Retrieved from https://www.smh.com.au/business/vocation-collapses-150-job-losses-20151130-glbszd.html Rouco, J. C. D. (2015). ECMLG2015-11th European Conference on Management Leadership and Governance: ECMLG2015. USA: Academic Conferences and publishing limited, Tarantino, A. (2012). Manager's Guide to Compliance: Sarbanes-Oxley, COSO, ERM, COBIT, IFRS, BASEL II, OMB's A-123, ASX 10, OECD Principles, Turnbull Guidance, Best Practices and Case Studies. USA: John Wiley Sons. Wolk, H. I., Dodd, J. L. and Rozycki, J. J. (2016). Accounting Theory: Conceptual Issues in a Political and Economic Environment. USA: SAGE Publications.

Literature Review for Protein in Male Weightlifters

Question: Discuss about theLiterature Reviewfor Protein in Male Weightlifters. Answer: Background Information and Justification for Protein intake to Mass and Strength in Athletes While working with the elite male Victorian weight lifting team, I have noticed that the coach is suggesting the athletes to consume 4g/kg per day of protein so that they can build strong body mass and strength and every member if following him. But such high amount of protein is not good for the long term health of the athletes. According to Youth Sports Nutrition (2016), the adolescent athletes lack in the knowledge of protein intake and other dietary habits. They either lack in time, convenience, funds or incorrect knowledge about their diet facts which makes it complicate for them to make choices over the food. The athletes who enter into the professional world are guided either by their parents or their coaches about the exercises and food intake. But only few of them are able to provide correct advice to them. Most of them are influenced by media or advertisements and follow them which are not good for the health of the athletes. But recently, much research has been conducted to find out that the appropriate amount of protein which should be taken by the athletes. The research practices identify the specific amount of protein intake which is beneficial for the athletes. The researchers are aimed at identifying the right amount of protein which does not create skinny girls or bulked up bodies but well-bu ilt healthy athletes which are ready to perform well. The amount of protein and nutrition needs depends on the type of sport in which the athletes is involved and on individual characteristics of health (Stark, et. al., 2012). According to Tipton Ferrando (2008), Muscle mass is very important for the athletic performance and for the health and survival of the athletes. Net muscle protein balance is to be maintained at right level which is the difference between the Muscle protein synthesis and Muscle protein breakdown. The increase in Muscle protein synthesis and the decrease in Muscle protein breakdown are important for the Net muscle protein balance to increase which is necessary. The acceleration of protein is necessary which is because of timing of ingestion and co-ingestion of nutrients. It also depends on the type of nutrients. As per Caspero (2016), the male weightlifters need more energy than an average person because their body needs more nutrition to recover from the physical activities. Protein is very essential in the diet of athletes because it helps in the repairmen and strengthening of the tissues of the body. The athletes take high protein diet so that they can take a strong physique. Protein is critical for building the muscle mass but there should be a definite amount for it. Taking large amount of protein wont help the athletes in making their body toned and balanced. The overall diet of the athletes needs to be studied when the protein requirements of the athletes are determined. The athletes who consume less carbohydrates and fats consume more proteins from the diets. The athletes need to ensure that they should take adequate carbohydrates, fats and other vitamins and not just protein. Protein Recommendations for Strength Based Athletes, their Timing of Protein around Training and over the day for Muscle Gains In the view of Phillips Loon (2011), the role of protein in the body of athletes is significant. The trainers and the athletes believe that the high amounts of protein are necessary for building muscles but it depends on certain things. Everybody has different necessities and have different requirements for protein. The authors recommend that the protein intake in the range of 1.3-1.8 g per day consumed as 3 to 4 is nitrogenous meals will maximise the synthesis of muscle protein. This amount of protein depends on the status of training. The athletes who are experienced require less protein and more protein is required in the periods of intense training. For adults, the recommended protein intake is equal amount of protein across the day. This pattern of protein intake promotes the protein synthesis and also the acceleration of tissues in the body. This helps in taking the most from the training. The adolescents nowadays take extra doses of protein in order to have faster growth and development. It has been recommended that the elite adolescent adults should aim to have protein intake between 1.3- 1.8 g per body weight kilograms and this protein should be consumed in parts across the day and not at once. This protein intake can be increased after the periods of intense training and the amount can be increased up to 2.5g/ kg per day. The difference of recommendations to the adults for protein intake is not much different from this (Phillips, 2012). The timing for daily intake of protein is also important than the amount of intake of proteins. It helps in maximising the skeletal muscle response to the resistance training. When the modest amount of high quality protein is consumed just after the training, it enhances the response of acute protein synthesis to exercise stimulus. Many powders are available in the market which is recommended to take just after the exercises and training so that the protein diet taken in form of food can be complimented. It is believed that protein when taken in correct amount and at correct time recovers the human body and maximises the performance of the athlete. The recommended daily amount of protein maintains the nitrogen balance in the body for an adult (Petrczi, et al., 2008). The protein intake, as already discussed depends on the type of athletes, body type, body weight, total energy intake, intensity of exercises and the aim of the exercises. As per Webb (2014), greater the number of hours for training, greater the requirement of protein by the body. There are different researches which recommend different amount of protein for an athletic body. According to a general rule of thumb, a body requires 1.2 1.4 g / per kg of weight of protein across a day for endurance athletes while the amount is 1.2- 1.7 g/ per kg of body weight for power athletes. There is another research which recommends that 2g/kg of body weight is required for those athletes who have reduced their energy intake. As soon as the physical activities of an athlete increase the required amount of intake of protein increases (Jeukendrup Gleeson, 2010). A sports nutrition counsellor, Nancy Clark suggests that the different recommendations for protein intake is not based on Men or women, it is based on the body weight. The people who are active should not focus only on protein but also on other important nutrition elements. Proper combination of carbohydrate and proteins is necessary to build a repair the muscles and tissues of athletes. It is also important to consider that when proteins should be taken. When the athletes engage in the physical activities, the muscles break down. As per the study, most of the people eat only 10% to 15% of total protein in morning and around 20% in the afternoon and the remaining protein amount at dinner. The bodies do not store protein and it is more beneficial for taking even amount of protein throughout the day. As per the research, adults require 30 g of protein in 2-3 meals so that their healthy muscles can be maintained. In a study, it was found that the muscles protein synthesis was 25 per cen t higher when the protein is consumed evenly throughout the day (Burd, et al., 2009). Negative Side Effects of Excess Protein Intakes According to Delimaris (2013), Protein is an essential micronutrient which is required by the human body so that growth can be maintained. The recommended amount of protein is already discussed and recommended in different studies. High protein diets are recommended to the athletes for their muscle development but many scientists claims that the high usage or over usage of protein can cause disorders in the human body. Diet high on proteins generates acids in the fluids of body and the kidneys in the body give response to this acid excretion. The increase in the protein intake can result in the increase in urinary calcium and in the decrease in retention of calcium. The study indicated that a well-balanced diet is provided to the subjects for 2 weeks in which an experimental diet was given containing one third level of protein. It resulted in higher excretion of urinary proteins and the high levels of protein diet resulted in increased bone resorption (Paddon-Jones Rasmussen, 2009). The protein intake in higher quantity can lead to the high blood sugar levels and weight gain. It can also lead to stress on kidney and stimulates the cells of cancer. Also, if proteins are taken only through plant sources then it may create sulphur deficiency in the body and can also accelerate the age related disorders (Tipton, 2011). Taking too much of protein can cause unpleasant changes in the body. It can be like nausea or diarrhoea. Some serious problems can also occur like building up of amino acids or insulin in the blood cells. The studies show that only recommended amount of protein should be taken by the athletes for better health and wellbeing (Frazier, 2017). Excess protein intake can lead to kidney problems. It may put stress on the kidneys and high proteins can also contribute in building up stones in kidney. High level of proteins leech out calcium from the bones. When the body release acids, these acids are absorbed by calcium. So more amount of proteins reduces calcium which increases the acids in the body. More amount of protein can also lead to the heart problems if taken from the animal sources. The animal proteins can also cause cancer. It increases the incidence of cancer in Athletes. The institute of Medicine has given recommendations for the protein intake so it should be followed for health and wellbeing of the athletes (Mettler, et al., 2010). Recommendations for Protein Intake for the Athletes of Elite Male Victorian Weight Lifting Team Protein helps in maximising the strength building the muscle mass in the male weightlifters. As discussed, the protein intake amount depends on the body weight, calorie intake, training type, etc. For muscle building, may need up to 1.8 grams of protein per kg of body weight every day or .82 grams of protein for each pound of his body weight. Like, if a 200 pound weightlifter tries to increase the muscle mass then around 164 grams of protein is needed every day by him (Slater Phillips, 2011). For body building, around 25 to 30 per cent of the consumption of daily calories is required for training and to prepare for the competitions. It means that if a bodybuilder consumes 4000 calories per day then he needs to intake 250- 300 grams of proteins every day. In case of power lifting, the trainees should consume .68 to .91 gram of protein for each pound of body weight. It means that if the power lifter weighs 225 pound than the protein intake needed should be 155-205 grams per day (Coleman, 2017). These protein recommendations can be taught to the athletes and they should be made aware about the correct protein intake. First of all, the trainer is required to be convinced about the same with the proper set of proofs and documents which states the correct intake of protein for the athletes so that the over dosage could not harm their body and could not create any chances of diseases in the long run. It is very important for athletes to remain healthy. For the wellbeing and maintenance of their health, the classes could be provided to them so that they could take care of their own. They should be taught about the benefits of taking correct amount of protein and how they could themselves ensure that which is the correct amount of protein they should take. The coach has to be convinced for this first of all and then the trainees will be convinced. A regular body check-up can be scheduled for the male weightlifters so that the doctor can recommend whether the athletes are taking co rrect intake of protein or not. This could make the team more competitive and healthy for the Olympic Games. References Burd NA, Tang JE, Moore DR, Phillips SM. Exercise training and protein metabolism: influences of contraction, protein intake, and sex-based differences. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2009 May 1;106(5):1692-701. Caspero A. Protein and the Athlete How Much Do You Need? Eat Right Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 2016 July. Coleman E. Daily Protein Requirements for Male Weightlifters. SF Gate. 2017 [Cited 2017 May 07]. Available from https://healthyeating.sfgate.com/daily-protein-requirements-male-weightlifters-4577.html. Delimaris I 2013. Adverse Effects Associated with Protein Intake above the Recommended Dietary Allowance for Adults. International Scholarly Research Notices. Volume 2013. 6 pages. Frazier K. 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